Reverse osmos systems and units.

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Equipment models

Designation and scope of application of reverse osmos technology.

Reverse osmos is the most promising and widely used water treatment and conditioning technology. A reverse osmos unit is capable of removing 0.001–0.0001 µm particles from water. Hardness salts, sulphates, nitrates, sodium ions, small molecules, coloring agents fall under this range. The use of pretreatment stages (mechanical treatment and micro-ultra and nano-filtration) is recommended for more efficient operation.

Reverse osmos systems work well in practice relative to:

• Reduction in salt concentrations in open (surface) and underground water sources;
• Sea water desalting;
• Obtaining of solutions with concentrations that comply with process needs;
• Water treatment for heat and power needs (boilers houses and boiler plants);
• Final stage of waste water treatment in closed water cycles;
• Utilization in water disinfection systems.

Operation concept of reverse osmos systems.

Reverse osmos pertains to baromembrane separation technologies. Pressure differential between two sides of a porous semipermeable membrane is an applied force. Membranes are usually made of acetyl cellulose and polyamide films or hollow fibers. There are two types of filtering element design:

• Roll filtering elements;
• Hollow fiber filtering elements.

Due to distinctive features of module internal structure the incoming flow is divided into:

• Permeate–treated water which has passed through the membrane;
• Concentrate–dirty water with high concentrations of impurities which have failed to pass through the membrane pores.

Filtration takes place through pores of the material. The filtered flow contains molecules of water, low molecule compounds and ions the size of which is less than the size of water molecule. All remaining components of the solution both mechanical (separate molecules, viruses) and dissolved ones (metal ions, salts) are retained. In the course of operation a great number of contaminants has accumulated on the membrane surface and pores. This contamination decreases the unit capacity. It may be restored to the working condition upon completion of the regeneration cycle (flushing). Most often the surface is cleaned by water backwashing or compressed air purging. Sometimes certain reagents are added into waste water stream to prevent formation of chemical sediments thus increasing intervals between cleaning procedures.

Completeness of reverse osmos units.

Ro unit complete delivery may vary depending on water composition and the process behavior. The standard base configuration includes the following functional elements:

• A fine pre-filter is intended for preliminary water flow treatment removing solid particles of max. 5µm size.
• A filter cell is intended for installation of membrane modules inside of which the filtration process takes place.
• Pumping facilities ensure the pressure differential required for the process.
• Piping is provided for.
• Instrumentation and control valves exercise automatic control of the unit.
• A washing package washes the surface of membranes.

Advantages of reverse osmos filters:

• The highest degree of treatment among all filtration technologies;
• No need for additional reagents during operation;
• Space-saving equipment;
• Wide range of standard models covering a great number of capacities;
• Ease of operation and user-friendly maintenance;
• High level of automation of the unit operation;
• Possibility of integration into global automated control systems of water treatment and conditioning processes;
• Modular system which provides increase in capacity of the standard unit due to addition of supplementary filtering elements;
• Use of anticorrosive materials for the unit’s piping and valves.

Background. Distinctive features of reverse osmos systems.

Process stage sequence of ro units

Efficient operation of ro unit free of preliminary treatment stages is hardly possible. In this case membrane filtering surface is rapidly clogged and most of the time is spent in flushing the equipment. In the long run, it results in short service life and quick failure of membrane elements. Water treatment process stage sequence with the use of ro units may vary depending on operation conditions:

• Option 1:
  • Coarse mechanical treatment;
  • Reverse osmos

This option is used for water coming from a well. Incoming water is characterized by high salinity.

• Option 2:
  • Coarse mechanical treatment;
  • Mechanical treatment through a filter medium layer;
  • Filtration through a sorbent layer;
  • Reverse osmos.

This option is used for waters with high concentration of suspended matters, iron; these waters are characterized by dark color. Most often water coming from surface open intakes has such properties.

• Option 3:
  • Coarse mechanical treatment;
  • Water demineralization;
  • Filtration through a sorbent layer;
  • Reverse osmos.

This option is intended for processing of natural waters containing high concentration of hardness salts.

• Option 4:
  • Coarse mechanical treatment;
  • Ultrafiltration;
  • Filtration through a sorbent layer;
  • Reverse osmos.

This option is a multifunctional one and enables processing of natural and waste waters. It is preferable for waste waters containing a great variety of contaminants. Ro units offered by spc promvodochistka ltd provide smooth and stable operation and the highest quality of water treatment. This fact is confirmed by successful operation of numerous facilities implemented throughout russia.

At all stages, starting from design and procurement and finishing with installation, commissioning and start-up works and operation, control is being exercised over the quality of decisions made, materials and equipment. Please contact our specialists and they will help you to find a solution suitable for any conditions. Our company deals with design of water treatment and conditioning technologies, selection of the equipment, installation, commissioning and start-up works, aftersales service anywhere in our country. Each stage of works is done in strict compliance with iso 9001 quality system standards.

Company’s data distribution.

Our company also deals with ro filters offtake with further ‘turnkey’ installation for russian entities. Please call us right now and receive particulars from our managers.